Superoxide is promoted by sucrose and affects amplitude of circadian rhythms in the evening

Significance Distinguishing the effects of light and sugars in photoautotrophic cells is challenging. The circadian system a regulatory network that integrates metabolic signals controls rhythmic physiology growth. Our experimental approach has defined light-independent, sugar-regulated transcriptome Arabidopsis revealed reactive oxygen species (ROS) as prominent feature. ROS are byproducts photosynthetic metabolism oscillate with rhythms but have not previously been demonstrated inputs to plant oscillator. data suggest role for superoxide sugar signal which acts evening affects gene expression